ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS PROJECT COLLECTION

INTRODUCTION
GSM (SMS) Controlled DC Motor is automatic control system which capable of receiving a set of command instructions in the form of Short message service and performs the necessary actions like Start , Stop and speed control. We will be using a dedicated modem/mobile at the receiver module i.e. with the robot it self and send the commands using SMS service as per the required actions.
               The mobile unit which is dedicated at the motor driver is interfaced with an intellectual device called Micro controller so that it takes the responsibility of reading the received commands in the form of SMS from the mobile unit and perform the corresponding predefined tasks such as motor start, stop, motor direction and speed control at different levels etc.
HARDWARE USED

1.    AT command supporting GSM mobile phone.
2.    89S52 Microcontroller
3.    Max 232 IC.
4.    Motor Driver IC L293
5.    Voltage regulator 78XX.
6.    Diode IN4007
7.    GSM Phone



SOFTWARE USED
  
1.    Keil u-Vision 3.0

Keil Software is used provide you with software development tools for 8051 based microcontrollers. With the Keil tools, you can generate embedded applications for virtually every 8051 derivative. The supported microcontrollers are listed in the µ-vision
2.    PRO51 Programmer Software

THEORY OF OPERATION

In this project we interfaced 8051 microcontroller with Motorola’s C168 GSM mobile phone to decode the received message and do the required action. The protocol used for the communication between the two is AT command.
The microcontroller continuously checks for SMS to take the decision for controlling the DC motor.

AT-Command set

The following section describes the AT-Command set. The commands can be tried out by connecting a GSM modem to one of the PC’s COM ports. Type in the test-command, adding CR + LF (Carriage return + Line feed = \r\n) before executing. Table gives an overview of the implemented AT-Commands in this application. The use of the commands is described in the later sections.

AT-Command set overview


Command     Description       
AT     Check if serial interface and GSM modem is working.       
ATE0     Turn echo off, less traffic on serial line.       
AT+CNMI     Display of new incoming SMS.       
AT+CPMS     Selection of SMS memory.       
AT+CMGF     SMS string format, how they are compressed.       
AT+CMGR     Read new message from a given memory location.       
AT+CMGS     Send message to a given recipient.       
AT+CMGD     Delete message.    


A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO 8051 MICROCONTROLLER: 
           When we have to learn about a new computer we have to familiarize about the machine capability we are using, and we can do it by studying the internal hardware design (devices architecture), and also to know about the size, number and the size of the registers.
         A microcontroller is a single chip that contains the processor (the CPU), non-volatile memory for the program (ROM or flash), volatile memory for input and output (RAM), a clock and an I/O control unit. Also called a "computer on a chip," billions of microcontroller units (MCUs) are embedded each year in a myriad of products from toys to appliances to automobiles. For example, a single vehicle can use 70 or more microcontrollers. The following picture describes a general block diagram of microcontroller. 
    
 89s52:   The AT89S52 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 8K bytes of in-system programmable Flash memory. The device is manufactured using Atmel’s high-density nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry-standard 80C51 instruction set and pinout. The on-chip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system or by a conventional nonvolatile memory pro-grammer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with in-system programmable Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89S52 is a powerful microcontroller, which provides a highly flexible and cost-effective solution to many, embedded control applications. The AT89S52 provides the following standard features: 8K bytes of Flash, 256 bytes of RAM, 32 I/O lines, Watchdog timer, two data pointers, three 16-bit timer/counters, a six-vector two-level interrupt architecture, a full duplex serial port, on-chip oscillator, and clock circuitry. In addition, the AT89S52 is designed with static logic for operation down to zero frequency and supports two software selectable power saving modes. The Idle Mode stops the CPU while allowing the RAM, timer/counters, serial port, and interrupt system to continue functioning. The Power-down mode saves the RAM con-tents but freezes the oscillator, disabling all other chip functions until the next interrupt

 The hardware is driven by a set of program instructions, or software. Once familiar with hardware and software, the user can then apply the microcontroller to the problems easily.
The pin diagram of the 8051 shows all of the input/output pins unique to microcontrollers shown above:
The following are some of the capabilities of 8051 microcontroller.
ü      Internal ROM and RAM
ü      I/O ports with programmable pins
ü      Timers and counters
ü       Serial data communication
The 8051 architecture consists of these specific features:
§    16 bit PC &data pointer (DPTR)
§    8 bit program status word (PSW)
§    8 bit stack pointer (SP)
§    Internal ROM 4k
§    Internal RAM of 128 bytes.
§    4 register banks, each containing 8 registers
§    80 bits of general purpose data memory
§    32 input/output pins arranged as four 8 bit ports: P0-P3
§    Two 16 bit timer/counters: T0-T1
§    Two external and three internal interrupt sources Oscillator and    clock circuits.